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Pregnancy Week By Week

There are three stages of pregnancy. These are the first, second and third trimesters. The first trimester runs from week one to week fourteen, the second covers weeks 15 26, then the third is weeks 27 40.

Week 1+2: This is actually before you get pregnant. Its the stage where your body prepares itself by ovulating. And its in these 14 days that the egg is fertilized by the sperm

Week 3: The fertilized egg now moves down the fallopian tubes, fluid passes into the ball of cells, dividing them into two. The inner cells will form your baby and the outer cells will form the placenta. Your body, at this stage, is still unaware that it is pregnant. The implantation begins as the cell ball reaches the wall of the uterus. In this process the cells actually bury into the uterus wall, which can sometimes lead to you having spotting. The implanted cell ball now becomes an embryo.

Week 4: This is a week of rapid development, and your body now realises it is pregnant. The amniotic sac and cavity begin to develop and also the Yoke sac appears (this will later form the babys digestive system). The placenta now starts to form where implantation took place and blood from you will now go into the placenta. It is usually about day 27 that we start to feel the morning sickness.

Week 5: The primitive streak (the fore runner of the brain and spinal cord) is now developing. Through this primitive streak the cells will develop into three layers:

The endoderm: the bottom layer develops the glands, lung linings, tongue, bladder, digestive tract, tonsils, urethra and associated glands.

The mesoderm: the middle layer forms the muscles, bones, heart, lungs, spleen, blood cells, and the reproductive and excretory systems.

The ectoderm: the top layer forming the skin, nails, hair, eye lens, nose, mouth, anus, tooth enamel, pituitary gland, mammary glands, and all parts of the nervous system.

Other cells will be starting to develop the spine (called the notochord). The first steps towards forming the embryos head, and the first formation of the babies blood cells happen this week.

Week 6: The first few days of this week is when your babys heart starts beating. The aorta (the largest artery in the whole body) will be starting to form at around day 40. By mid week many organs are starting to form: eyes, arm buds, liver, gall bladder, stomach and intestines, lungs and pancreas.

Week 7: This is a busy week for your growing baby. During this week your baby will double in size. The lenses of the eyes are developing and there is also a recognisable tongue. The legs and arms are developing into paddles, the jaws are now visible.

Week 8: The cerebellum starts to form this week. Thats the part of the brain responsible for the movement of muscles. Also hand and foot plates, elbow and wrist areas are forming. Towards the end of the eight week the hand plate has formed ridges where the fingers will be. There is further development of the eye; pigment is now appearing on the retina. Teeth buds are now forming within the gums, along with the wind pipe, bronchi, and voice box. The heart is now starting to develop the four chambers.

Week 9: Your baby is now starting to form cartilage and bones. During this week the ovaries will develop into the sex organ determining whether youre having a boy or a girl. The fingers and thumbs are now taking shape. Also the baby is now becoming more active.

Week 10: Its now that your embryo has become a baby, all be it on a rather small scale. There is a fully formed upper lip. The development of the heart now slows as it is past the critical stage. By mid week the earlobes are fully formed. Toes start to develop on the foot plate. As the bones of the palate (roof of the mouth) start to fuse together, the tongue starts to develop taste buds.

Week 11: as the morning sickness starts to subside, you may feel your appetite increase. Your babys body starts to straighten. In males the penis is now distinguishable and in females the vagina is beginning to develop. This stage is where the baby starts to show individuality, as the muscle structure varies in each baby.

Week 12: Your baby will start to develop fingernails over the next three weeks. The brain is now the same structure as it will be at birth. By the end of the week, the gall bladder and pancreas will be fully developed. Also the baby will now be opening and closing its mouth.

Week 13: This week vocal chords will form in the larynx. Also the intestines will move from the umbilical cord into the abdomen, and will start to form folds and become lined with villi.

Week 14: You may have noticed some changes to the areola (the area around your nipple); it may be getting larger and darker. Your babys heart beat will now be able to be heard using a Doppler. Breathing, sucking and swallowing motions will be being practised. The breathing practises will take the amniotic fluid in and out of the lungs. babys hand also becomes more functional.

Week 15: The babys neck is now defined, with the head now resting on the neck rather than the shoulders. The hair pattern of the baby will be defined by the 102nd day of the pregnancy your baby will now be able to turn its head, open its mouth, kick, press its lips together and turn its feet.

Week 16: This week the babys toe nails will start to grow. The muscles will be growing stronger and the neck and head are growing straighter. As the uterus starts moving upwards you may start showing more, but this does mean less pressure on your bladder, making you feel like urinating less.

Week 17: Your baby will be working on more reflexes this week; blinking, sucking, and swallowing. Development is carrying on with all the existing structures. Through the course of this month your babys weight will increase 6 times.

Week 18: By mid week your babys eyes and ears will now be in the right places. The finger tips and toes will develop pads, and toe and finger prints will start to develop later in the week. Myelinization, a process of coating the nerves with a fatty substance called myelin which speeds up nerve cell transmission and insulates nerves, will start happening this week. Also by the second day of this week meconium (faecal waste) will start developing in the babys bowels.

Week 19: A creamy looking substance that covers the babys body, vernix coseosa, will start to form. This protects the baby and its developing glands and sensory cells. If youre having a baby girl primitive egg cells are now developed in the ovaries, in fact females are born with all the eggs their ovaries will ever have.

Week 20: Most of the major development has now taken place, and the danger zone of the first three months is now over. Your baby will be waking and sleeping, just as newborns do. Also the formation of fine scalp hair and eyebrows will begin.

Week 21: Your body is replacing the amniotic fluid very three hours at this stage of your pregnancy. babys leg and arm movements increase as the muscles and bones become stronger. By the end of the week a stethoscope will be able to detect the babys heart beat.

Week 22: If the baby is a boy, the testes will start to move from the pelvic area into the scrotum. The hair on the head and eyebrows is now visible as white and short.

Week 23: The bones in the middle ear start hardening making the conduction of sound possible. The baby will start to gain some considerable weight between now and next month. The size of the babys body will start to get into proportion though the head will remain larger than the rest of the body.

Week 24: The skin of your baby is wrinkled, but will smooth out as fat is deposited. Also by the end of this week the babys heart beat is so strong it is some times possible to hear it by placing an ear on your stomach.

Week 25: babys skin is now turning a reddish/pink as capillaries start to develop. The nostrils will now start to open, as they have been plugged unto now. The lungs will start developing blood vessels and the finger and toe nails will now be covering half the nail bed.

Week 26: with the nostrils now open, muscular breathing will start. By the end of the week the lungs will be secreting surfactant, a substance which prevents the lung tissue sticking together. Also with the formation of blood vessels in the lungs, they will now also be developing air sacks. Brain wave activity starts this week for auditory and visual activity.

Week 27: Bumping and thumping is becoming stronger as your baby grows stronger, you should be feeling around 10 kicks in a two hour period. babys lungs are growing rapidly and there is continual development with brain patterns.

Week 28: This is when the eyelids un-fuse and open up. Muscle tone is improving, and the lungs are capable of breathing air. The chances of a baby being born premature from now on, has a greatly improved chance of surviving.

Week 29: Eye lashes have now grown, and although still unable to focus, babys eyes are now sensitive to dark and light. At this stage of pregnancy the senses of sound, smell and taste are developing. By the end of the week your baby will be able to move its eyes in their sockets.

Week 30: baby is now storing up nutrients taken in by you. Calcium for skeletal development, protein for growth and iron for blood cells. By the end of the week the languno (the small hairs that covered the babys body), is nearly all gone apart from some patches on the shoulders and back.

Week 31: As the actual growth starts to slow down, the internal organs are still maturing, so make sure your still getting enough folic acid, iron and calcium. Should your baby be born this week they would have the ability to breath, see, listen learn and remember.

Week 32: The babys iris is now reacting to light. All five senses are now registering with your baby, although smell is limited as baby cant breathe air in the uterus.

Week 33: your baby may now be sucking its fingers. Constipation could be starting for you as your uterus puts more and more pressure on your bowels.

Week 34: The pigment of the eyes is not quite fully developed yet, this leaves the eyes looking blue regardless of final colour. And this week your baby will start to develop its own immune system.

Week 35: In baby boys the decent of the testes will complete any time now. Your baby may now shift into your pelvis in a head down position, but not all babies do this before birth.

Week 36: Dimples on the elbows and knees will be forming as well as creases in the neck area due to continual deposits of fat. Also this fat will help baby maintain its body temperature.

Week 37: Around 85% are born within two weeks of their actual due date (either before or after), so as you enter this stage be aware for signs of labour. The baby is practising being more aware of its surroundings; this is the orientating response. This is where the baby will turn towards any source of light. The end of this week marks the end of development, growth will now slow down.

Week 38: Meconium is accumulating in the intestines. Meconium is a dark green mass of waste product and cells from the gall bladder, liver and pancreas. Although shortly after birth this will all come out.

Week 39: as the baby is settling into your pelvis, you maybe feeling clumsy and off balance. This is because your centre of gravity shifts. Make sure youre prepared for your trip to the hospital.

Week 40: welcome to the final week, thats if you have not given birth already. Your body will be giving the baby antibodies so it can protect its self from many diseases. The baby will finish dropping into its resting place before birth. So congratulations and welcome to your new born child.

Article by Beverley Brooke
Visit http://www.pregnancy-weight-loss.com for more on pregnancy week by week

posted by awofgrfh @ 1:26 PM 0 comments

Choosing a Washing Machine

Cheap or not so cheap Many modern washing machines are cheap to acquire, many manufactures take the notion of build them cheap sell them quick, often the build quality is of a poor standard, often they dont last as long as you would hope and the cost of spare parts and repair is surprisingly not cheap would you believe.

If you pay more do you get a better wash?

The short answer to that is maybe, but let me explain what I mean. If you buy the budget brand and then you buy the budget model from that brand, then as the saying goes you get what you pay for. Some brands are better then others, budget companies save money by building with cheap parts that, when you need to replace that part it turns out to be quite expensive.

If you look at a more mainstream manufacturer and compare there middle of the road model with their top of the line model you will see that a lot of the same parts go into both machines what you are paying for in the top model is more features that most of the time you are not going to use. So buying a middle of the road model from a better manufacture could end up giving you a better deal in the long run.

As with most things in life a washing machine needs to be thought about before, you part with your hard-earned cash. It has been shown that spending a little more on the purchase of a better brand can save you money later on down the road. The cost of repair of some brands can be as much as 75% of the initial purchase cost now in my mind, that does seem false economy.

What features should you look for when buying a washing machine?

The features you need in a washing machine depend on how it's going to be used, drum size for example should be considered important if you have a large family, a single person is not going to need a huge capacity drum just for him or her. Spin speed is quite important the faster the spin the less time you will need in the tumble dryer. Water usage some brands now can wash using a smaller amount of water , less water means less energy needed to heat the water.

The basic principle of a washing machine is a drum containing the water and detergent agitates the cloths within it, lifting them out of the water then plunging them back in. almost all front loading washing machines work on this principle. Washing machines as of many household appliances are all variations of a main theme. what you should consider when purchasing is how long it is going to last you and if it does go wrong how much is it going to cost you to repair. Many manufactures will tell you there machines wash better then the others that is not what I've found from my experience . It is easy to get a good wash from most machines if you follow the basic rules. Use a good quality washing powder, if clothes are very dirty use more detergent and a stain remover and a longer wash and do not over fill the machine if you follow the basic guidelines you should find that your washes will always be bright.

Steve Morris runs gogiddy.co.uk http://gogiddy.co.uk for Washing Machines search gogiddy

posted by awofgrfh @ 9:15 AM 0 comments

Mother Russia and Poland

When Boris Yeltsin spoke about an experiment that 'they' wrought upon his Russian 'brethren' on June 1st, 1991; did anyone ask who THEY were? Here is what he said:

"Our country has not been lucky. Indeed, it was decided to carry out this Marxist experiment on us - Instead of some country in Africa, they began this experiment with us."

MOTHER RUSSIA AND THE BASILIDAE:

The creation of Divine Kings as outreaches for inner sanctum elites who controlled Rome and its Empire that grew every time it supposedly fell is part of many books I have done. Along with Manifest Destiny and the Flat Earth, the concept of Divine Kings needs close scrutiny. I think Hecateus gave up his Basilidae primogeniture right to be his familys spiritual leader for good reason and I think the Basilian Fathers and their Nestorian counterparts ran much of the Asian continent for their brothers in Rome and Britain. There is a good possibility that Genghis Khan fathered the line of adept Dragons like Count Drakul who fought for the Catholic Military Orders and whose progeny include St. Germain De Medicis who assisted or planned the New World Order now in control. A couple of paragraphs cannot do justice to the issue but here is a Catholic scholar speaking a little about the matter.

Is Holy Mother Russia undivided?

Despite his other great merits for the churches of the east and the Catholic Church in Ukraine through his association with the Servant of God Metropolitan Andrew Sheptytsky, Fr. Korolevsky's views were marred by his russophilism and the political-religious conception of a one and undivided Holy Mother Russia. His views were shared by many of the policy makers in the Catholic Church. For him there was one great Russia and one Holy Russian Orthodox Church, the great Russians. Ukrainians and the Belarus were "malorosy," the little Russians and white Russians. The initial treaty of friendship and non-aggression of Pereyaslav signed by the hetman Bohdan Khmelnitsky in 1648 eventually became the tool of imperial oppression and enslavement of cossack Ukraine by Muscovy under Tsar Peter and his successors. With the fall of the Tsars in 1917 the empire became the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, a new prison of subjugated peoples and nations still struggling to cast off the spectre of Russian political and ecclesiastical domination even after the events of glasnost, perestroika and the collapse of the Soviet empire. It is only today, with the proclamation of an independent state of Ukraine, that the political west is accepting the right of these people to their own sovereignty. But old ideas die hard. Certain ecclesiastical circles in Rome had been infected by these views even to the present day.

A new perception

One of the principal voices of a new perception was Fr. Athanasius Welykyj, O.S.B.M., a young hieromonk of the Basilian Order, an indefatigable researcher and scholar. Fr. Korolevsky had enlisted him to assist in researching the Vatican archives. Fr. Welykyj, who would become the Proto-archmandrite or superior general of the Order of Saint Basil the Great, began to publish the Vatican documents in the Basilian Analecta. In 1961, he was called by Pope John XXIII and Cardinal Amieto Cicognani, the secretary of State, to head the secretariat of the Preparatory Commission of Vatican Council II. As secretary of the Council Commission on the Eastern churches, Fr. Welykyj made substantial contributions to the principal ideas of the Decree on the Catholic Eastern Churches (Nov. 1964), and many of the materials developed by this commission became the foundation for the conciliar documents on the Unity of the Church and Catholic ecumenism (1964). (1) Catholic ecumenism is anything but true ecumenicism.

American and British Corporate Interest in Russia:

Sometimes Marshal Pilsudski is called the Jewish Uncle due to his support for the Jews; this section has information about the nature of outside influences in the formation of the Russian Federation and why the British and others switched sides (or appeared to). Pilsudski was no tyrant despite having to assume dictatorial powers. Stalin and Hitler were both backed by International Financial interests and you could call Stalin their CEO he certainly was never a communist. The Americans had armed forces in support of the Bolsheviks a lot longer than others like Britain. I think we see the growth of Rockefeller or American branches of the Rothschilds in Russia and elsewhere in the early 20th Century but Londons Rothschilds still had control.

Marshal Jozef Pilsudski 1867-1935

Pilsudski was imprisoned in Siberia from 1887-1892 because his brother Bronislaw was wrongly accused in a plot to assassinate Tsar Alexander III. After his release in 1892, he joined an underground Polish political party (Polish Socialist Party) based in Paris. This party advocated an independent socialist Poland. {It is not to be confused with the Bolshevik version of socialism. It is a relative term when compared to the totalitarian Czarist system.} Starting around 1894, he actively printed, smuggled and distributed anti-Tsarist materials. While a medical student at the University of Kharkov, in the Ukraine, he became noticed for his revolutionary behaviour, for which he was arrested in 1900. After escaping Russian captivity, he made his way to Austrian Poland (Galicia) and proceeded to organize a Polish volunteer fighting force, later (during WW I) to be under Austrian command against Russia. He became the leader of the military wing of the Polish Socialist Party in 1904. His primary duty in this post was to organize protection for party members in Poland who were being persecuted by the Tsarist secret police, the OKHRANA.

During the pre-war period, Pilsudski attended Jagelleonian University in Krakow. Pilsudski was the founder of the Polish Legions (originally the Societies of TIR) that bore his name, which he used only to promote a free Poland. Starting around 1908, Pilsudski began to build the Legions with Polish volunteers from Galicia, assembling a force which eventually numbered 14,000 men. Pilsudski sided with Austria because of the three occupiers of Poland (Austria, Germany and Russia), it was the only power that even came close to offering any sort of post-war autonomy for Poland. Pilsudski offered intelligence information on Tsarist military movements to Austria and openly campaigned for Poles under Russian domination to rebel. Upon the surrender of Tsarist Russia in 1917, Pilsudski and many leading Legion officers were jailed by Germany, for refusing to allow the Legions to fight against France. The Germans also provided no guarantee of an Independent post-war Poland. This became clear when the German governor of warsaw, von Bessler, attempted to appoint a German as head of the Legions and thereby strip Pilsudski of control (after the battles had been won with the blood of Poles). In July, 1917, the Legions were supposedly disbanded. The Legionaries did not stop the fight for Independence. Underground para-military cells were formed to continue the fight for Independence for the remainder of WW I. Among the organizations was the POW (Polska Organizacja Wojskowa), which carried out attacks on German, Russian and Austrian targets. They were loyal to Pilsudski, who was at this time imprisoned at Magdeburg Castle.

Upon the surrender of Germany in 1918, Pilsudski was released to take control of the Army of the newly Independent Poland. The members of the POW (mostly ex-Legionnaires) were already being organized before Pilsudski was released on November 10, 1918. Independence was declared on October 7, 1918 by a Polish National Council in Exile, headed by Roman Dmowski (a National Democrat). He was supported by Ignacy Paderewski, who was then residing in the USA. Paderewski has some influence with American Politicians, including President Wilson {Totally 'possessed' by Col. House who was a seventh son of a seventh son and the man who selected directors for the FED for his Rothschild bosses.}. This influence became apparent when the creation of Poland was contained in President Wilson's 14 Points, and later as part of the Treaty of Versailles. The Western powers supported Paderewski in order to gain some influence in the region after WW I. Also on October 7, 1918, a Lublin Socialist named Daszyniski seized government offices in Galicia and became head of a provisory government of the Republic of Poland as of October 12, 1918. Daszyniski then appointed Pilsudski (still in jail) as Minister of War...

After the Treaty of Versailles was set into motion, provisions for the German Army to occupy and maintain parts of Poland, Lithuania and Bialyrussia were agreed upon by the Western powers. This was to ensure stability in the area until the volatile situation in Russia was settled. As the Russian civil war raged on, many western powers had been supporting Russian Tsarist Generals in their bid to retake Russia. The official granting of Polish territory under the Treaty of Versailles was to take place June 28, 1919. When the Germans began to leave the area prematurely, it left the entire region vulnerable to Bolshevik expansionism. This did not sit well, especially with the French. France became a strong supporter of Poland, and sent advisors and military equipment to aid the young Poland. The French hoped that Poland would help the cause of General Denikin, a Russian who was fighting the Bolsheviks. It was also hoped that any Russian lands that Poland took would be held in trust for Denikin.

England, on the other hand, actually tried to impede French efforts to support Poland because they had just concluded trade deals with the Bolsheviks. Labour Unions in England actually prevented the loading of ships destined for Poland. It was a common belief among the British elite that Poland was incapable of self government and should be administered by Russia. All of Europe was tired of war, and the Bolsheviks were seeding discontent and spreading the word of a proletariat uprising among the increasingly un-employed in many European nations. It became apparent to Pilsudski that he would have to make a pre-emptive strike to prevent Lenin from igniting revolution with his red army. When the Bolsheviks installed puppet governments in Lithuania and Bialyrussia in January 1919 (the LITBEL Republic), it became apparent that Lenin was systematically retaking territories of the Tsar and making them into Soviet Republics. Pilsudski decided to invade Bialyrussia and Lithuania in February 1919 in order to attack the Red Army before it could gain strength. By April 1919, Pilsudski had overthrown the LITBEL Soviet Republic. The vast majority of the city of Wilno was Polish, and Pilsudski was justified in taking the area and claiming it for Poland.

Lenin (and still, many modern historians) had mistakenly interpreted France's support of Pilsudski and saw Poland as a tool of the Western powers (who supported Denikin). In reality, Pilsudski gladly accepted France's aid, but did not support Denikin or any other Tsarist Generals. Pilsudski was content with the Reds and Tsarist weakening each other so he would have an easier time defeating which ever side won the Russian civil war. Both Lenin and Denikin wanted to include Poland in Russia, and Pilsudski would have to fight at least one of them. Pilsudski spent most of 1919 gaining control of much of Lithuania, Bialyrussia and the Ukraine. By December 1919, Denikin had fallen out of the picture, and had been replaced by General Wrangel. France continued to pressure Pilsudski to help the new Tsarist commander, but he refused. Lenin became concerned about the possibility of Poland supporting Wrangel, and decide to sue for peace with Pilsudski. In December 1919 there were peace talks held at Borisov (Pilsudski chose this location to deny access to western journalists, thereby preventing an opportunity for Lenin to use this event for propaganda). The British, under Prime Minister Lloyd George, pressured Pilsudski to accept an agreement on the Curzon {Admiral or Lord Curzon noted the Versailles Treaty was not an end to war and said it would begin again in 20 years. That was exactly how long until Britain again declared War. Is this pure co-incidence or informed insight?}Line, which gave an advantage to the Bolsheviks. The British were still interested in the trade agreements they had with Lenin, and it showed. Pilsudski rejected this proposal. He much preferred allowing Bialyrussia and Ukraine to set up buffer states, which would be teamed with Poland in a defensive alliance. The war continued...

... Pilsudski was in a fight for Poland's very existence, and it started to look very bad.

In July and August, the Western Allies urged Pilsudski to accept peace, and save what was left of Poland. Talks were held in Minsk, but were un-eventful. Lenin only pretended to seek peace, believing that he had already won the war. By mid August, warsaw was threatened. The French advisor to Pilsudski, General Weygand, advised Pilsudski to abandon warsaw and take up a defensive position west of the Wistula River. Pilsudski requested volunteers to defend warsaw, and thousands complied. Pilsudski decided to stand and fight. General Wladyslaw Sikorski was given the responsibility of defending the City itself, while Pilsudski assembled a strike force south of warsaw. On August 20, 1920, a miracle happened (as it became known, "The Miracle on the Wistula"). The Red army had made a critical mistake, and went north of warsaw in an attempt to cut off Polish supply routes from the Baltic. Pilsudski, who may have anticipated this maneuver, was ready and launched his counter-attack. The Red Army seemed to disappear as fast as it appeared. Thousands of terrified Russians surrendered, and others ran away so fast, they seemed to vanish. About 100,000 Russians were taken prisoner. Arriving too late, Budyenny became cut off from the main Bolshevik force, and Tukhachevsky was forced to retreat toward Lithuania in order to avoid having a major portion of his forces encircled and captured. Pilsudski again defeated Tukhachevski at the battle of the Neman River.

Pilsudski inflicted defeat upon the Bolsheviks in 1920 at the Battle of warsaw. His victory and wisdom kept Bolshevism from spreading west into Europe, and allowed Poland to rise to nationhood after over a century of occupation. This freedom was only to last two decades. The Bolsheviks were defeated soundly and were in full retreat. In a few weeks, Pilsudski had recaptured much of the territory that he controlled until April 1920. In early October 1920, Pilsudski secretly sent General Zeligowski to Wilno to overthrow the Lithuanian government there. The official line was to be that the Polish majority in Wilno requested assistance because they were being persecuted by the Lithuanian minority which governed there. Zeligowski took Wilno and the surrounding area and occupied it until a plebiscite could eventually be held in 1922. The majority decided to join Poland. Lenin became serious about peace, and on October 12, 1920, the treaty of Riga was negotiated, which came into force March 18, 1921. A new Polish Constitution was proclaimed on March 17, 1921. A free Poland became a reality for this first time in over a century.

... The Parliament elected Pilsudski as President by a majority of the vote in order to gain control of a rapidly deteriorating economic crisis. Pilsudski publicly declined, and appointed Ignacy Moscicki on June 1, but in reality retained actual power for himself. Pilsudski gradually increased his already dictatorial powers over the next few years. In 1927, many opposition leaders were arrested. Elections were held in 1928, and the Socialists gained some influence in the Sejm. Pilsudski, originally a Socialist started to lean to the political right. Bitter fighting between leftists and those on the right ended in 1930 when Pilsudski arrested all the radical leftist leaders. New elections were held in November 1930. In 1932 power was given to the president to rule by decree, which was formalized on April 23, 1935, just before Pilsudski died on May 12. After his death in 1935, General Smigly-Rydz took over as Commander in Chief of the Polish Army, and was the de facto successor to Pilsudski.

Pilsudski has been accused of Anti-Semitism and, in the case of Lithuanians, Ukrainians and Bialyrussians, ethnic cleansing. Upon closer examination, these accusations have no merit. The Polish Jews that Pilsudski supposedly persecuted turned out to be supporters of Bolshevism. Poland in reality was the most tolerant country toward Jews in Europe at the time. Many of the Bolshevik supporting Jews fled to Russia only to return later as Stalin's hand picked yes-men in the newly formed government of the People's Republic of Poland. The complaints of the ethnic minorities were in part exaggerated by Communist agitators, trying to discredit Pilsudski. The truth is, that even though the minorities experienced some discrimination with regard to language and religious rights, they were allowed much more freedom than the same minorities had on the Russian side. For example, Ukrainians were expected to learn Polish in Poland. In Russia, Stalin expected them to starve. Pilsudski also had to contain Bolshevism from spreading. During the 1918-21 War, some suspected Communists were summarily executed (without trial). It must be remembered that some measures during times of war are hard to understand in peace time. Pilsudski was fighting a war with a very dangerous enemy. The Bolsheviks used every deceptive tactic imaginable. Pilsudski could only succeed in his goal of setting up an Independent Poland if he could irradicate, where ever possible, any support for Lenin's ideas. Communism had very little support in Pilsudski's Poland anyway, and the number of these executions was very small. Almost all of those executed were certainly Communists. The executions were based on political lines, not ethnic ones.

Pilsudski's rise to role of dictator was not based on personal glory. He always had Poland's best interest as the basis of his actions. Poland was in many difficult situations. It was surrounded by hostile enemies. The post-war European economy triggered massive inflation. The last thing that Poland needed was a weak government that quarreled with itself. Pilsudski's strong leadership was the only thing that kept Poland on the map until Hitler and Stalin partitioned Poland in 1939. In revenge for Pilsudski's 1920 victory, Stalin made Poland pay a heavy price during and after World War II. Stalin was Budyenny's Political Officer during the 1920 Galician campaign. Stalin actually prevented Budyenny from reaching Tukhachevsky in time in order to help in the attack on warsaw. This interference may have caused the Bolsheviks to lose the entire Polish-Russian war. After Stalin consolidated his power, he went about re-writing history. He heaped much of the blame for losing to Pilsudski on Tukhachevsky and had him and other Bolshevik officers executed in 1938. After Stalin gained control of Poland in 1944-45, he began hunting down Polish veterans of the 1918-21 war. Many were executed or jailed in Siberia.

Stalin then tried to erase any memory of Pilsudski or his defense of Poland from the history books. (2)

THE CZAR IS KILLED:

The Second World War was the continuation of World War One and a plan to break down the existing structures in order to make this part of the One World plan come to fruition. They had tried this with the Merovingian Napoleon in a more direct fashion in the century before they put this refined plan in motion. Prince Bernhard was part of the Thulean Gestapo and I think Plantard was his equal on the apparent other side. Bernhard became the CIA man to head the Bilderberg founding and Plantard went on to be the Nautonnier of the Priory which even if it was new they both have been around in some way under some name since the Trojan War as I have demonstrated. Saunire as a top Priory official would have been part of the planning of this effort to unite the world beginning with Europe. Metternich, Czar Alexander II and others had seen the importance of uniting Europe. This Czar was assassinated for trying to create a real democracy and for his efforts on behalf of the US against the Rothschild plan. Clearly the Rothschilds had a change of heart after trying to break the US into many warring factions. They saw how to use the US as their own police force.

Author of Diverse Druids, Columnist for The ES Press Magazine, Guest writer at World-Mysteries.com

posted by awofgrfh @ 9:50 PM 0 comments

Basic dog training Commands - Improve Your Dog's Behavior

Training your dog to respond to specific commands is somewhat of a necessity if you would like your life as a dog owner to be as enjoyable and stress-free as possible. However, the actual experience of training your dog can be fun and positive for both you and your lovable pet. Here are some of the most common dog training commands a dog should learn, and the easiest ways to teach them:

Come is one of the first basic commands you will want your dog to learn. Initially, this should be practiced while the dog is still on a leash. Wait until the dog is preoccupied, and then firmly say the word come while pulling the dog toward you. Once your dog has mastered this command on the leash, it is advised to practice it at home or in a fenced in area until the dog obeys without a leash.

Sit and stay are also two commands most people want to teach their dogs. Usually, they are used in combination. When your dog is standing with a leash and collar on, say the sit command. While speaking, push the dogs back end onto the ground, and pull the dogs head up with the leash. If you want the dog to stay, say the word stay, while holding your hand out toward the dog, with your palm facing the dog. If the dog moves, say no, and return the dog to the original sitting position. Once the dog stays for at least thirty seconds, give a few words of praise. Do not pet the dog, as this may cause confusion.

Heel is another useful command. When walking, any time the dog begins to wander out of step, say heel, and jerk the leash toward you.

It is very important to praise your dog for a job well done. Offer praise each time the dog responds to a command correctly. Dogs love to please their owners, and when you give lots of positive encouragement, your canine friend will be more inclined to continue learning to respond properly to your commands. Also, you must be very consistent. It is the constant repetition and exact techniques that will cause your dog to learn quickly and easily. Dont create frustration or confusion by allowing the dog to get away with something one time, but not the next.

dog training is hard work, but it can also be very rewarding and enjoyable for both dog and owner.

Want to learn some dog training tips? I found 3 great articles at the Dog Guide. This one has good dog training advice. If you have a new dog, read this article about 5 tips for training a new dog. If you have a stubborn dog, this article talks about stubborn dog training.

posted by awofgrfh @ 7:30 PM 0 comments

Ballet dance Wear

Most can agree that ballet is a beautiful variety of dance, but it is also a delicate art form. The performers are often times telling a story with their movement, and the costumes, or clothing they wear play an integral part in the unfolding of the story. During practice, the ballet dance wear is usually less delicate and more practical, however, during recitals, and performances, dancers can go on stage in anything from an all black body suit, to very complicated skirts, tops, and leggings! The type of dance known as En Pointe, is unique to ballet and has very specific shoes that resemble classic ballet slippers until you see the toe. There it is flattened and very sturdy so that a dancer can stand literally on their tip toes. dance wear has certainly come a long way and there are several varieties offered to fit any needs.

Rehearsal or practice for ballet doesn't usually require full on costuming unless it is a dress rehearsal. Common attire for dancers in class is for girls; a leotard, tights, and your slippers. For guys it can be the same with the addition of shorts as well. Leotards are a one piece body suit that can resemble a bathing suit with or without sleeves. Students attending standard or beginner ballet class will also wear their ballet slippers to dance in. However, En Pointe classes require a dancer to own and wear point shoes. It takes a lot of practice and breaking in to get used to point shoes. Performers often will go through a period of time where their toes are extremely blistered and sore from learning to dance on point.

When it comes to recitals and performances the possibilities are endless and it truly depends on the story being told. It's common to see a flowing or exaggerated skirt on women because it helps to signify their feminine qualities, and can often give the illusion of flying. Costuming is important because ballet is a very movement oriented dance, and the clothing has to be conducive to running, jumping, and it just needs to be flexible.

The vast array of ballet dance wear is available all over the world and on the internet. Whether it's for a performance, practice, or class, there is no doubt when it comes to the shoes that they need to be of quality. Ballet shoes are one of the single most important elements to one's wardrobe. If the shoes are poor quality, then there is a good chance for the dancer to injure themselves or someone else.

Marco Cello is the owner of http://www.hotballet.com

Visit us if you want to learn more Information on Ballet dance Wear

posted by awofgrfh @ 7:07 PM 0 comments

What Can A Tax Advisor Do For You?

You cant run, and you cant hide. April comes to the US on schedule every year, and when it reaches its mid-point, Uncle Sam comes calling with his hat in hand, awaiting the donations from millions of his beloved nieces and nephews. Uncle Sam is not at all happy when his nieces and nephews try to fool him, and he has hired a big group of people, who call themselves the IRS, to see that his nieces and nephews make their donations in the amounts required of them.

So for most of his nieces and nephews, the weeks leading up to the mid-point of April can be the least enjoyable of the year. While many US taxpayers have simple enough lifestyles and modest enough incomes that they can accurately determine how much Uncle Sam expects from them without help, there are also millions of US taxpayers with multiple income streams, multiple deductions, and multiple headaches from the mere thought of April 15. For these people, seeking help from a tax advisor is a very good way to avoid the wrath of Uncle Sam.

A tax return is, after all, a legally binding document; once it is signed all the mistakes are there to be dissected, and if necessary, punished. And the punishments can range from interest-accruing fines to prison time. The risks of filing an improperly prepared return, for those who have a lot to lose, warrant turning to a tax advisor.

What A tax Advisor Does
A tax advisor is someone who has professional expertise taxation issues and can help his or her clients sort out their best strategies for a legal return while saving getting back as much money as possible. A tax advisor will feel quite at home translating the legal jargon of the Tax Codes, and will know where to look for the regulations which apply to your particular situation. Your tax advisor will also show you how to make your final return appear to be in line with your income, which is the best way to avoid a red flag.

You can consult with a tax advisor either by telephone or in person, and should have no problem finding one if you live n an urban area. If youre in a small town you can still find a tax advisor through an Internet search, as most of them have business websites.

How To Help Your Tax Advisor
You should provide your tax advisor with all your pertinent tax documents and records well ahead of tax filing time so that he or she will have adequate time to look them over. If your tax advisor is any good, you will be just one client among many, so the more time you allow for a review, the better the results will be.

And its up to you to see that your records are well-organized and easy to understand. You are paying your tax advisor by the hour, and you dont really want you money to be spent on his or her going through the shoe boxes to separate business expenses from entertainment expenses, do you?

You can also find more info on Tax Attorney and Tax Course. filetaxhelp.com is a comprehensive resource to get information about Tax.

posted by awofgrfh @ 7:03 PM 0 comments

Fireman's Birthday Parties are a Hot Kids Theme!

Boys of all ages dream of being a fireman celebrate this at your very own Fireman birthday party! Not only do firemen get to play with big red trucks and Dalmatians, but they are modern day heroes that children (both boys and girls) aspire to become.

Invite the guests to the Firemans party by sending an invitation that looks like a Dalmatian, fire truck or ladder. Come to the Marshalls firehouse to celebrate Zachs 7th birthday is a clever announcement to write on the invitation.

Upon arrival set ladders and fire trucks in your yard. This will not only extend the decorations to those being welcomed to your house, but will also help mark your house for those first time guests. As the guests arrive present each one with a special firemans badge that can be made ahead of time by using cardstock and tape. This will give everyone the chance to be a fireman!

If you are familiar with the local fire department ask if one of the off duty fireman can attend your party. They may be able to talk to the kids about fire safety and present the birthday boy or girl with a special firemans helmet. Then take a moment for the fireman to pose with all the kids and take some snapshots for the scrapbook. Definitely a moment worth capturing!

These are just some ideas to incorporate into your next firemans birthday party. Incorporating some of these into your next party will make your party a scorcher!

Mrs. Party... Gail Leino takes a common sense approach to planning and organizing events, celebrations and holiday parties with unique ideas for fireman party supplies and fun Fireman party games. She explains proper etiquette and living a healthy life while also teaching organizational skills and fun facts. The Party Supplies Hut has lots of party ideas with hundreds of free holiday printable games and free birthday party activities. Over 100 adorable Themes including Fireman Party Supplies to fit your birthday celebration, holiday event, or "just because" parties. Party themes include cartoon characters, sports, movie, TV shows, luau, western, holidays, and unique crazy fun theme ideas.

posted by awofgrfh @ 5:09 PM 0 comments